REFERENCES
Co-sponsored by: The American Lung Association (ALA),
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), and
The American Medical Association (AMA)
U.S. Gov't Printing Office Publication No. 1994-523-217/81322
1994
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation.
Report to Congress on Indoor Air Quality, Volume II: Assessment and
Control of Indoor Air Pollution, pp. I, 4-14. EPA 400-1-89-001C, 1989.
- The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sets and enforces air
quality standards only for ambient air. The Toxic Substances Control
Act (TSCA) grants EPA broad authority to control chemical substances
and mixtures that present an unreasonable risk of injury to health and
environment. The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
(FIFRA) authorizes EPA to control pesticide exposures by requiring
that any pesticide be registered with EPA before it may be sold,
distributed, or used in this country. The Safe Drinking Water Act
authorizes EPA to set and enforce standards for contaminants in public
water systems. EPA has set several standards for volatile organic
compounds that can enter the air through volatilization from water
used in a residence or other building. As to the indoor air in
workplaces, two Federal agencies have defined roles concerning
exposure to (usually single) substances. The National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health and Human Services (NIOSH), part of the
Department of Health and Human Services, reviews scientific
information, suggests exposure limitations, and recommends measures to
protect workers' health. The Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA), part of the Department of Labor, sets and
enforces workplace standards. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety
Commission (CPSC) regulates consumer products which may release indoor
air pollutants. In the United States there are no Federal Standards
that have been developed specifically for indoor air contaminants in
non-occupational environments. There are, however, some source
emission standards that specify maximum rates at which contaminants
can be released from a source.
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the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man, Vol. 38:
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Current Intelligence
Bulletin 54. 1991.
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of Passive Smoking: Lung Cancer and Other Disorders.
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of Passive Smoking. Lung Cancer and Other Disorders.
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of Passive Smoking: Lung Cancer and Other Disorders.
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PM 10 Pollution in Utah, Salt Lake, and Cache Valleys". Archives
of Environmental Health 1992: 46:90-96.
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Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, A Report of the Surgeon General.
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Care. "Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Cardiovascular
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in a Shelter for Homeless Men: A Description of Its Evolution and
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Curriculum on Tuberculosis. Second Edition, 1991.
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to Legionella pneumophila Colonization in Residential Water
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Air Pollution, A Health Perspective (Baltimore MD: Johns Hopkins
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of the Potential Risk Associated with Inhalation of
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the potential risk associated with inhalation of
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Environmental Monitoring and Quality Assurance. Project Summary:
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Airway Obstruction From Carbonless Copy Paper." Journal of the
American Medical Association 1984; 252:1038-40.
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Reactions to Carbonless Copy Paper Associated With Histamine
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1988; 260:242-43.
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to Congress on Indoor Air Quality, Volume II: Assessment and Control
of Indoor Air Pollution, pp. I, 4-14. EPA-400-I-89-001C, 1989.
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and National Environmental Health Association. Introduction to
Indoor Air Quality: A Reference Manual, p. 87. EPA-400-3-91-003,
1991.
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Development. Final Report: Nonoccupational Pesticide Exposure Study
(NOPES), p. 60. EPA-600-3-90-003, 1990.
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Exposure to Low Doses of Lead in Childhood: An 11-Year Follow-up
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322:83-88.
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Environmental Action." Statement issued January 1991.
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Children's Cognitive Function in the Preschool Years." Pediatrics
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Levels". FDA Consumer, December 1991. p.6.
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Young Children". October 1991.
- Agocs, Mary M., Etzel, Ruth A. et al. "Mercury Exposure from
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1990; 323:1096-11011.
- Consumer Product Safety Commission. Safety Alert: Mercury Vapors.
- A professional group, the American Society of Heating,
Refrigerating, and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), has
established standards of ventilation for the achievement of acceptable
indoor air quality. These criteria do not have the force of law, are
typically invoked only for new or renovated construction, and even
when met do not assure comfortable and healthy air quality under all
conditions and in all circumstances.
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation.
Indoor Air Facts
No. 4: Sick Building Syndrome, revised, 1991.
- Kreiss, Kathleen. "The Sick Building Syndrome: Where Is the
Epidemiologic Basis? "American Journal of Public Health 1990;
80:1172-73.
- The first death attributed to occupational asbestos exposure
occurred in 1924; the details were recently recounted: Selikoff, I.J.
and Greenberg, M. "A Landmark Case in Asbestosis." Journal
of the American Medical Association 1991; 265:898-901.
- For a detailed discussion of asbestos-related pulmonary disease,
see: Rom, W.N., Travis, W.D. and Brody, A.R. "Cellular and
Molecular Basis of the Asbestos-related Diseases." American
Review of Respiratory Disease 1991; 143:408-22.
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and
Development. Airborne Asbestos Health Assessment Update.
EPA-600-8-84-003F. June 1986.
- "Asbestos in Your Home", American Lung Association, U.S.
Consumer Product Safety Commission, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. September 1990. ALA Publication No. 3716.
- See Samet, J.M., Marbury, Marian C. and Spengler, J.D. "Health
Effects and Sources of Indoor Air Pollution, Part II." American
Review of Respiratory Disease 1988; 137:221-42. This continuation
of the overview cited earlier provides a table of commercial sources
of testing equipment for sampling and monitoring levels of a variety
of indoor air pollutants, including radon.
- Black, D.W. Rathe, Ann and Goldstein, Rise B. "Environmental
Illness: A Controlled Study of 26 Subjects With '20th Century
Disease." Journal of the American Medical Association
1990; 264:3166-70.
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Sensitive Patients". Journal of Occupational Medicine.
1992. 34:529-538.
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Multiple Chemical Sensitivity". Multiple Chemical
Sensitivities: Addendum to Biologic Markers in Immunotoxicology.
1992. pp. 117-138. National Research Council. National Academy Press.
Washington D.C.
- See Ducataman et al. "What is Environmental Medicine?" Journal
of Occupational Medicine 1990; 32: 1130-32. Also see American
College of Physicians Health and Public Policy Committee.
"Occupational and Environmental Medicine: The Internist's's
Role". Annals of Internal Medicine 1990; 113:974-82.
- For further specifics, see: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Air and Radiation.
Residential
Air Cleaning Devices - A Summary of Available Information.
EPA-400-1-90-002,1990.
- Residential Carpet Installation Standard. The Carpet and Rug
Institute. First Edition. 1990. CRI Publication No. 105-1990.
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Interior Landscape
Plants for Indoor Air Pollution Abatement. September 15, 1989.
Last Revised: April 7, 1998
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